Archive for: English

Bringing IPOPCORM to Scale in Coastal Philippines

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PATH Foundation Philippines, Inc.’s, Integrated Population and Coastal Resource Management Project (IPOPCORM) has been scaled-up in the coastal Philippines. In the Siquijor Province, as IPOPCORM expanded to cover all 6 municipalities, the local Governments decided to incorporate population and reproductive health into coastal resource management legislation. IPOPCORM also experienced success scaling-up in the Danajon Bank Ecosystem, a biodiversity hotspot that experienced a loss of fisheries resources due to a dense population, leading to greater food insecurity. In this case study, IPOPCORM discusses their accomplishments in both regions and how it was achieved.

Year: 2006

Source: PATH Foundation Philippines Inc.

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Coastal

Conservation

Food Security

Scale-up

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Biodiversity Areas under Threat: Overlap of Climate Change and Population Pressures on the World’s Biodiversity Priorities

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Humans and the ecosystem services they depend on are threatened by climate change. Places with high or growing human population as well as increasing climate variability, have a reduced ability to provide ecosystem services just as the need for these services is most critical. A spiral of vulnerability and ecosystem degradation often ensues in such places. We apply different global conservation schemes as proxies to examine the spatial relation between wet season precipitation, population change over three decades, and natural resource conservation. Identifying areas of climate and population risk and their overlap with conservation priorities can help to target activities and resources that promote biodiversity and ecosystem services while improving human well-being.

Year: 2017

Source: PLOS One

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Climate Change

Conservation

Population

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Big Issues Deserve Bold Responses: Population and Climate Change in the Sahel

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Parts of Africa have the most rapid population growth in the world. In addition, recent studies by climatologists suggest that, in coming decades, ecologically vulnerable areas of Africa, including the Sahel, will be exposed to the harshest adverse effects of global warming. Fortunately, there are evidence-based achievable policies which can greatly ameliorate what would otherwise be a slowly unfolding catastrophe of stunning magnitude. But to succeed, such measures must be taken immediately and on a large scale. Taken together, rapid population growth and climate change pose a serious threat to the livelihood of the majority of the one hundred million people now living in the Sahel region and about two hundred million more who will live there in a generation’s time. This paper encourages working across silos to address these interrelated challenges.

Year: 2013

Source: African Journal of Reproductive Health

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Climate Change

Population

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Best Practices in Scaling Up Madagascar: Scaling Up Across Sectors: The Growth of the Population-Health-Environment Program

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This case study, produced as part of JSI’s Best Practices in Scaling Up series, describes the collaboration of population, health, and environmental (PHE) interventions to strengthen development efforts in Madagascar. In the early 2000s, JSI collaborated with various partners to apply PHE initiatives to address inhabitants’ limited access to health care, family planning services, and agricultural extension services. The PHE program noticeably improved key health indicators and land-use practices during its span, and served as a model for other programs seeking to link health and environmental initiatives.

Year: 2008

Source: John Snow, Inc.

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Advocacy

Integration

Scale-up

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Benefits of Wildlife Consumption to Child Nutrition in a Biodiversity Hotspot

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Terrestrial wildlife is the primary source of meat for hundreds of millions of people throughout the developing world. Despite widespread human reliance on wildlife for food, the impact of wildlife depletion on human health remains poorly understood. This paper looks at a cohort of 77 preadolescent children (under 12 years of age) in rural northeastern Madagascar and shows that consuming more wildlife was associated with significantly higher hemoglobin concentrations. The research demonstrates that removing access to wildlife would induce a 29% increase in the numbers of children suffering from anemia and a tripling of anemia cases among children in the poorest households. The well-known progression from anemia to future disease demonstrates the powerful and far-reaching effects of lost wildlife access on a variety of human health outcomes, including cognitive, motor, and physical deficits. The research quantifies costs of reduced access to wildlife for a rural community in Madagascar and illuminates pathways that may broadly link reduced natural resource access to declines in childhood health.

Year: 2011

Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

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Maternal and Child Health

Nutrition

Wildlife

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Benefits and Costs of the Population and Demography Targets for the Post-2015 Development Agenda

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The purpose of this paper is to assess the costs and benefits of targets for population and demography. The authors show that, for high fertility countries, providing universal access to sexual and reproductive health rights and meeting unmet need for contraception are phenomenal targets for the post-2015 agenda. For developed countries with ageing populations, a good strategy is to encourage people to retire later. Furthermore, instead of attempting to increase fertility organically, it is better to expand migration to rejuvenate an ageing population.

Year: 2014

Source: Copenhagen Consensus Center

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Family Planning

Population

Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights

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Beginning With Sustainable Scale Up in Mind: Initial Results From an Integrated Population, Health and Environment Project in East Africa

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Small-scale pilot projects have demonstrated that integrated population, health and environment approaches can address the needs and rights of vulnerable communities. However, these and other types of health and development projects rarely influence larger policies and programmes. ExpandNet, a network of health professionals working on scaling up, argues this is because projects are often not designed with sustainability and scaling up in mind. This paper shows how this new approach is being applied and the initial lessons from its use in the Health of People and Environment in the Lake Victoria Basin Project (HoPE-LVB) currently underway (2011-2017) in Uganda and Kenya. Specific emerging lessons are: 1) ongoing, meaningful stakeholder engagement has significantly shaped the design and implementation, 2) multi-sectoral projects are complex and striving for simplicity in the interventions is challenging, and 3) projects that address a sharply felt need experience substantial pressure for scale up, even before their effectiveness is established. This paper recommends that other projects would also benefit from applying a scale-up perspective from the outset.

Year: 2014

Source: Reproductive Health Matters

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Integration

Project Design

Scale-up

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Baseline Survey (2011) for Population, Health and Environment Scale-up Project in the Philippines

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This document summarizes the results of a baseline survey conducted in 40 randomly-selected villages in Bohol and the Verde Island Passage in central Philippines in 2011. The study was sponsored by the US Agency for International Development (USAID)-funded “Building Actors and Leaders for Advancing Community Excellence in Development” (BALANCED) Project to inform future activities in the Philippines. The survey covers basic reproductive health, disease management, and livelihood and marine protection behaviors among men and women in vulnerable communities on the island of Bohol. The report then compares these Bohol behaviors to those of men and women in “new” sites in the Verde Island Passage. According to the survey analysis, households in coastal villages depend on the productivity of the marine environment for their livelihoods. The report also recommends increasing the amount and quality of public participation in project activities in order to maximize health and conservation outcomes.

Year: 2012

Source: The BALANCED Project

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Coastal

Community Outreach

Conservation

Integration

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Assessment Study on Experiences of the PHE Approach in Ethiopia: the Case of SNNPRS

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This assessment report presents the experiences of the implementation of the Population, Health and Environment (PHE) projects in the Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples Regional State (SNNPRS) of Ethiopia. Four zones, four districts/woredas and five kebeles were included in the assessment study. Since the PHE projects in the SNNPRS were focused on the youth group of the population, 447 respondents of the study were all youth (16-24) which were sampled from the five respective study kebeles. A mixed methods research was utilized to generate cross-sectional data/information which intently was made to contain a longitudinal perspective. Multiple instruments of data/information collection were also deployed. Framed on a broader perspective of the PHE approach at global level and in Ethiopia, the report contains various evidences that reveal the extent to which the PHE projects had succeeded, or were impeded, in attaining the purposes for which they were designed.

Year: 2016

Source: Consortium of Christian Relief and Development Association

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Implementation

Integration

Youth

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Assessment of USAID’s Population and Environment Projects and Progamming Options

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The assessment reviews the results of in-country USAID PHE projects, especially on increasing access to quality family planning/reproductive health (FP/RH) products and services; determines USAID and the office of Population and Reproductive Health’s (PRH) role in providing technical leadership; identifies barriers and challenges facing the portfolio; and makes suggestions for USAID‘s follow-on strategy for PHE. Among the findings: PHE program results clearly make some contributions to the overall objectives. PHE programs may be particularly useful in facilitating partnership building and leveraging funds from non-USAID sources and may be avenues to learning how best to provide family planning to youth and males. The assessment identifies principal barriers related to inadequate funding, which in turn is linked to the complexity of integrated efforts; the limited evidence base for the integrated PHE program model; and the growing but still limited capacity to implement PHE field programs.

Year: 2007

Source: Global Health Technical Assistance Project

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Family Planning

Integration

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