Archive for: Climate Change


This study provides a snapshot of the population, health, and environment situation and practices in the villages surrounding the Saadani National Park (SANAPA) and demonstrates the utility of a transdisciplinary systems perspective to evaluate population–health–environment linkages (PHE). Analyzing survey data from eight villages, this paper shows that in the SANAPA area, livelihoods are highly dependent on natural resources, but both agriculture and fisheries are experiencing a decline in productivity and profitability. Population stressors include a high population momentum, early marriages, teenage pregnancies, and migration. Women bear a heavy workload, while having little or no say in decision-making. The public health situation is severe with health facilities few and far in-between; lack of access to clean water and safe sanitation; and many households suffering from diarrhea, malaria, pneumonia, skin diseases, and HIV/AIDS. Environmental protection arrangements are in place in all sites, however, the awareness of protected areas and their benefits is low and many feel helpless in protecting the environment. Climate change—increasing periods of drought and irregular rainfall—contribute to food insecurity and health problems. The interconnectedness between these stressors reinforces the need for an integrated approach to addressing coastal conservation and community development in the SANAPA area.

Year: 2012

Source: Ocean & Coastal Management

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    Siaya County in Kenya’s Lake Victoria Basin is characterized by a rapidly growing population, high population density, water scarcity, falling food and fisheries production, and environmental degradation. The combined effects of climate change and rapid population growth are increasing food insecurity, environmental degradation, and poverty levels in the county. Siaya County’s Integrated Development Plan (CIDP) identifies population dynamics, environmental degradation, and climate change as key development challenges. These issues need to be linked in county policies and programs to ensure that projects that address them are implemented jointly. Addressing population growth, environmental degradation, and climate change together should be a top priority if Siaya County is to achieve sustainable development. The county government, donors and program implementers should develop policies and implement programs that integrate population dynamics, environment/climate change, and development.

    Year: 2013

    Source: PAI

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      Makueni County in Kenya’s Lake Victoria Basin is characterized by a rapidly growing population, water scarcity, falling food production,and low resilience to climate change. The combined effects of climate change and rapid population growth are increasing food insecurity, environmental degradation, and poverty levels in the county. Makueni County’s Integrated Development Plan (CIDP) identifies population dynamics, environmental degradation, and climate change as key development challenges. These issues need to be linked in county policies and programs to ensure that projects that address them are implemented jointly. Addressing population growth, environmental degradation, and climate change together should be a top priority if Makueni County is to achieve sustainable development. The county government, donors, and program implementers should develop policies and implement programs that integrate population dynamics, environment/climate change, and development.

      Year: 2013

      Source: PAI

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        Kitui County in Kenya’s Lake Victoria Basin is characterized by a rapidly growing population, water scarcity, falling food production and low resilience to climate change. The combined effects of climate change and rapid population growth are increasing food insecurity, environmental degradation, and poverty levels in the county. The county’s environmental action plan identifies population dynamics, environmental degradation and climate change as key development challenges. These issues need to be linked in county policies and programs to ensure that projects that address them are implemented jointly. Addressing population growth, environmental degradation, and climate change together should be a top priority if Kitui County is to achieve sustainable development. The county government, donors and program implementers should develop policies and implement programs that integrate population dynamics, environment/climate change, and development.

        Year: 2013

        Source: PAI

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          Kisumu County in Kenya’s Lake Victoria Basin is characterized by a rapidly growing population, high population density, water scarcity, falling food production, and low resilience to climate change. The combined effects of climate change and rapid population growth are increasing food insecurity, environmental degradation, and poverty levels in the county. The Kisumu County Integrated Development Plan (CIDP) identifies environmental degradation and climate change as key development challenges, but fails to link them to population dynamics. These issues need to be linked in county policies and programs to ensure that projects that address them are implemented jointly. Addressing population growth, environmental degradation, and climate change together should be a top priority if Kisumu County is to achieve sustainable development. The county government, donors, and program implementers should develop policies and implement programs that integrate population dynamics, environment/climate change, and development.

          Year: 2013

          Source: PAI

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            Homa Bay County is characterized by a rapidly growing population, high population density, falling food production, and low resilience to climate change. The combined effects of climate change and rapid population growth are increasing food insecurity, environmental degradation, and poverty levels in the county. The county’s strategic plan identifies population dynamics, environmental degradation, and climate change as key development challenges. These issues need to be linked in county policies and programs to ensure that projects that address them are implemented jointly. Addressing population growth, environmental degradation, and climate change together should be a top priority if Homa Bay County is to achieve sustainable development. The county government, donors, and program implementers should develop policies and implement programs that integrate population dynamics, environment/climate change, and development.

            Year: 2014

            Source: PAI

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              This report contributes to the understanding of linkages between population dynamics, climate change, and sustainable development in Malawi, a country that typifies the core population and climate change challenges highlighted above. The report presents analyses of key population and climate change challenges that Malawi is facing, and identifies opportunities for enhancing integrated approaches to address these issues in Malawi based on an assessment of the policy and program landscape. The report is aimed at helping policymakers, donors, and civil society understand the importance of prioritizing population issues and climate change in development planning and resource allocation, and the need for integrated responses to these challenges in order to ensure sustainable development in Malawi.

              Year: 2012

              Source: PAI | African Institute for Development Policy

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                The combined effects of climate change and population dynamics in Kenya are increasing food insecurity, environmental degradation, and poverty. However, these two issues are not prioritized and addressed together in the country’s development plans. The African Institute for Development Policy (AFIDEP) and Population Action International (PAI) conducted a study in 2012 to assess the landscape for integrating population and climate change in Kenyan development policies and strategies.

                Year: 2012

                Source: PAI | African Institute for Development Policy

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                  This report calls on governments, donors, and civil society to invest more in population and climate change work, to address the two issues together in policies and programs, and to build the technical capacity to develop programs and research. Ensuring women in sub-Saharan Africa who wish to avoid pregnancy have access to family planning can reduce population pressures and reduce vulnerability to climate change impacts. It can also help meet other development goals, including reducing poverty and maternal mortality, and improving education.

                  Year: 2012

                  Source: PAI | African Institute for Development Policy

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                    PAI’s Population and Climate Change Program produced this working paper which reviews 41 National Adaptation Programmes of Action (NAPAs) for Climate Change submitted by least developed countries (LDCs) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change as of May 2009. The review found that 37 of the NAPAs link high and rapid population growth to climate change. However, only six plans clearly mention consideration for slowing population growth or investing in reproductive health/family planning (RH/FP) among their adaptation priority responses. Only two country NAPAs propose integrating FP and RH elements with priority adaptation interventions. The working paper presents conclusions and five recommendations for LDC governments to consider as they refine and implement the NAPAs, such as adopting multisectoral approaches to adaptation projects and offering both short and long term projects. The paper also provides an annex describing the NAPA process, including guidelines for development, implementation and financing of the plans.

                    Year: 2009

                    Source: PAI

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